Mold-top.



G. E. THACKRAY.

MOLD TOP.

APPLICATION HLED MAR. 23, 1914.

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MOLD-TOP.

Speeificationof Letters Patent.

Patentedl Apr. 25, 119116..

Application filed March 23, '1914. Serial No. 826,478.

v of the adaptations of which is for use on the upper portion of aningot mold, the ingot mold vitself being ordinarily made of metal.

My mold top comprises an outer casing or fiask preferably made of metal,open'at the top and'bottom, and` adapted to set on the top Vof an ingotmold. The inner sides of this flask are provided with a non-conductingrefractory lining which maybe' composed of Sand, loam, admixtures ofsand and loam, fire-br'ick Or other similar material. rl`he principalessentials of my lining are that it should be much more non-conductingwith respect to heat: than metal and at the same time suflicientlyrefractory to reasonably withstand the heat to which it will besubjected by contact with lmolten metal such as iron, steel onothermetals.

My top being in place on an ingot mold,

' the molten metal is poured into' the mold and substantially fillsit`and the top, and

' on account of the non-conductingquality period of time very much'longer' than the of the lining,'the molten metal is maintained'ffiluid' at, and near the top portion for a other parts of'the Originallymolten metal which are adjacent to, or in contact with, the conductin-gportions of the metal mold.

By means of this arrangement thel cavityproduced in the ingot orcasting, due to shrinkage, is located entirely 'within the sink-headXportiomwhich is contained within my non-conducting top, leaving thewother part of the ingot solid and free from shrinkage cavities or pipes.For example, in the manufacture ofisteel, by reason of the concentrationof the shr'inkage .cavity within the sink-head, x][ vprovide an ingot orcasting which requires the minimum amount of discard, preparatory tofurther use in the manufacture of blooms,'billets, slabs, bars,structural shapes or other Sections.

After an ingot has been cast into a mold provided with my top, theportion adj acent to the 'non-conducting lining remains fluid for avconsiderable period of time during which the shrinkage cavity 'formstherein, the metal which originallywas in said cavity feedingdownw'ardly to supply the shrinkage in the other portion of the ingot.Before the metal has entirely set in the interior portion a furtherquantity of metal maybe poured into the preliminary Shrinkage cavity toinsure that there' i s suficient fluid metal to make a solid ingot,although in most cases this is n'ot necessary. After ,the outershell ofthe .ingot has been suificientlyv set, it may be removed from the moldand allowed to soak or its heat become equalized pre'ferably in aVertical pit furnace.

Having thus. given a general description of.my invention, I will now, inorder to make 'th e-\matter more clear, refer to the accompanying sheetof drawings 'forming part of this specification, and in` which likecharacters refer to like parts r- Figure 1 is a tran'sverse sectional.elevati'on of the upper portion of an ingot mold provided with my top,secured in position thereon, as shown, the flask or casing in this casebeing provided with projeetions on its inner surface to retain thenon-conducting lining, the structure shown in this figure being adapted.to set directly on the top of a mold.

Fig. 2 is 'a view similar to Fig. 1, taken on' the line H'fll of Fig. 3,with the exception that no roughenings are provided on the inner side/of the flask or vcasini'g, besides which, the non-conductin'g liningextends downwardly within the mold* and its form is maintained by meansof anchors or foundry nails e'mbedded therein'during its formation. Figfis a top plan view. ofthe mo-lditop-,andupper portion of a mold'corresponding-to 'Fig 2. The top plan viewV of the mold shown infiFig.3 is the same mold as is shown in section in Figs. 1 andg,l

the section shown in Fig. 1 being taken ver-l tically through. the -axisof 'the mold and passing through the hold down lugs 3, while ingmaterial therein.

the section shown in F ig. 2 is taken on the line II 'I1 of F ig. 3 andpasses through the lifting lugs 2. The bottom mold 1 itself shown in allthese illuxstrations is the same, whereas the tops illustrated in Figs.1 and 2 are slightly different, as the top shown in Fig. 2 has itsrefractory lining projecting downwardly into the mold and is held bythese projections and conseq'uently the metal fiask 01' casing shown inFigs. 2 and 3 is not provided with projectingfianges to coperate withthe hold down lugs' 3. as is the case with the top illustrated in Fig.1, in which latter figure the mold' top is secured on the mold by thecoperation of the flanges 6 and the hold down lu'gs 3 and the hoi'seshoeclamps 7.

Referring now to the characters of reference on the drawings:-1represents the ingotmold in general, which, in this case, is shown withthe large end upward, as this style is preferred in order to producesolid ingots, as compared with a mold, the larger end of which isdownward. The lifting iugs of the mold are indicated at 2 in Fig. 2, andsimilar, but difi'erently shaped, lugs or flanges are indicated at 3 inF ig. 1. The body portion of the ingot is indicated at 4, the flask orcasing is indicated generally at 5; the lower flange of the form shownin F ig. 1 is indicated at 6, and in this figure,

7 represent horseshoe clamps adapted to' secure the top in positiononthe mold. The lower inwardly projecting fianges 8 shown on the flaskserYe to retain the non-conduct- The upper retaining flange or anchor isindicated at 9, while the lifting lugs of the fiask or casing areindicatedat 10. Gaggers or inwardly extending pin`s or projections areindicatedA at 11, which further serve to hold the refractorynon-conducting material shown in Fig. 1, whereas no such gaggers areshown in Fig. 2, as in some cases they may be dispensed with. Thenon-conducting refractory lining is indicated at 12, the shrinkagecavity in the sink-head portion of the ingot or'castin'g is indicated at13, and as shown in Fig. 2, the anchors for holding the downwardlyprojecting portions of the lining to the other portions are indicated at14. The upper or sink-head portion of the ingot is indicated at 15. Thelower portion of the non-conducting lining which projects downwardlywithin and adjacent to the sides of the mold is indicated at 16, while asmall space or clearance 17 is provided between same and the sides ofthe ingot mold in order to insure that the lining can be placed inposition despite slight irregularities in it`or the mold.

On account ofthe character of my mold top and the fact that thenon-conducting lining can be put into the flask somewhat after thefashion of the ordinary molding in position as materials and isheldsecurely therein, my mold top may be used over and over again, andin case the inner surface of said lining becomes slightly roughened orbroken in use, it can be very easily and cheaply repaired by theapplication of similar inaterial thereto.

I prefer to form the non-conducting liningof dainpened material which isrammed in place in inanner similar to forming a mold of this Character,after which it should be dried to expel most of the inoisture and makeit hard, although to preserve the nonconducting qualities, it ispreferably porous in its body portion.

The inside of my lining may be coated with graphite, soap-stone,charcoal or coaldust, in order to provide a smooth surface.

It should be noted that the upper portion of the lining extends over thefiange 9 in such a. way that when the molten metal is poured into thetop, it will not contact with the metal fiask or casing.

Although I have shown and described my improvements in considerabledetail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific detailsshown and described, but may use such substitutions, modifications orequii'alents thereof, as are embraced within the scope of niy i-nventionor as pointedout in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is 2-- 1. A mold top comprising an open flask 'taperingupwardly and provided with a plurality of inwardly extendingprojections, a molded non-conducting lining therein, the lower portionof said flask being provided with an outwardly projecting flange, andmeans for securing the top to` the mold by said fiange.

2. A mold top comprising a flask open top and bottom, provided with aplurality of inwardly extending projections and outwardly and inwardlyprojecting flanges on the lower edges thereof, and a moldednonconducting lining applied to its inner sides.

3. A mold top comprising a fiask open top and bottom, a non-conductinglining applied to its sides and 'projecting over its upper edges. V

4. A mold top comprising'an open top and bottom fiask, adapted to set ontop of a mold, inwardly projecting flanges at thev upper and lower edgesof said fiask and a non-conducting lining applied to the inner sides ofsaid flask and extending over the upper edges thereof.

5. A mold top comprising a flask of tapering box like structure, opentop and bottom, the inner surface being provided with a plurality offlanges extending therefrom, a nonconducting lining within the flasksecured thereto by said flanges.

6. A mold top comprisng an open top In testimony Whereof hereto' aifixmy and bottom fiask, fianges projectng insignature in the presence oftwo Wtnesses. wardly from the upper and lower edges GEORGE E THACKRAY.

thereof, a non-conductlfg lining applied to 5 the inner surfaces of saidflask and secured Witnesses:

therein by said flanges, and means for se- CYRIL A. RIEVEL, curing thetop on a mold. WILLIA H. BICE.

